Item protection: Protection of generators, Protection of transformers, Protection of bus-bars, Protection of transmission lines (carrier protection), Protection against over-voltages, Protection schemes, Substations, Power stations, Protection of low-voltage systems, Coordination of protective devices. Over- voltage transients and travelling waves, Surge velocity, Surge impedance, Surge power and energy stored. Terminations: Incident reflected and transmitted waves, Applications. Over-voltage protection, Surge divertors, Insulated neutral systems over-voltages protection, Earthing systems earthing electrodes, Safety and power earthing, Engineering and calculations of systems and equipment. 3 Credits